{"id":9267,"date":"2024-05-12T15:53:01","date_gmt":"2024-05-12T13:53:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/stress-strain-diagram-spring-steel\/"},"modified":"2024-05-14T14:05:14","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T12:05:14","slug":"stress-strain-diagram-spring-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/stress-strain-diagram-spring-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"Stress-strain diagram spring steel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The stress-strain diagram can be used to determine the static load capacity of <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federstahlbleche-eigenschaften\/\">spring steel<\/a>. The stress-strain diagram shows the elongation behavior of the spring steel during the tensile test until it breaks. For the designer, the stress-strain diagram is an important design specification, as he can read off from this diagram how much force the spring steel sheet or spring steel strip can absorb during <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/biegeradius-metallumformung\/\">forming<\/a> for the production of <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/formfedern\/\">shaped springs<\/a>, spring <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federclips\/\">clips<\/a>, spring <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federklammern\/\">clips<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/kontaktfedern\/\">contact springs<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federscheiben-klemmscheiben\/\">spring washers<\/a> until it is permanently deformed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/stress-strain-diagram-spring-steel\/#The_phases_of_the_stress-strain_diagram_for_spring_steel\" >The phases of the stress-strain diagram for spring steel<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/stress-strain-diagram-spring-steel\/#The_02_proof_stress\" >The 0.2 % proof stress<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/stress-strain-diagram-spring-steel\/#Material_properties\" >Material properties<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_phases_of_the_stress-strain_diagram_for_spring_steel\"><\/span>The phases of the stress-strain diagram for spring steel<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>With the four phases in the stress-strain diagram, the <strong>elastic deformation limit<\/strong> (yield strength &#8220;Rp&#8221;), the <strong>plastic deformation limit<\/strong> (tensile strength &#8220;Rm&#8221;), the <strong>necking range<\/strong> and the <strong>breaking limit<\/strong> can be read.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2960\" src=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungs-Dehnungs-Diagramm_600.png\" alt=\"Spannungs-Dehnungs-Diagramm | Gutekunst Formfedern\" width=\"600\" height=\"560\" data-wp-pid=\"2960\" srcset=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungs-Dehnungs-Diagramm_600.png 600w, https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungs-Dehnungs-Diagramm_600-300x280.png 300w, https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungs-Dehnungs-Diagramm_600-214x200.png 214w, https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungs-Dehnungs-Diagramm_600-200x187.png 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><br \/>\nIn the phase of <strong>elastic deformation<\/strong>, the spring steel is stretched proportionally (Hooke&#8217;s straight line) to the applied stress. This strain is also called linear-elastic or proportional deformation. The percentage strain is displayed in the horizontal axis and the corresponding stress in the vertical axis. This deformation behaviour of materials was already described in 1768 by the English scholar Robert Hooke in <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hookesches_Gesetz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hooke&#8217;s Law.<\/a> When the maximum <strong>elastic deformation<\/strong> is reached at which the spring steel returns to its initial position without deformation, this is called the <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Streckgrenze\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">yield strength (Rp)<\/a>. The yield strength is a yielding limit. Beyond this yield point, deformation still takes place in the subsequent phases, but here the strain is greater than the increasing stress, resulting in <strong>plastic deformation<\/strong> and <strong>necking<\/strong> down to <strong>failure<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_02_proof_stress\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Dehngrenze_0.2_600px-300x293.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2953 size-medium alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Dehngrenze_0.2_600px-300x293.png\" alt=\"Yield strength 0.2 - Gutekunst Formfedern\" width=\"300\" height=\"293\" data-wp-pid=\"2953\" srcset=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dehngrenze_0.2_600px-300x293.png 300w, https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dehngrenze_0.2_600px.png 600w, https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dehngrenze_0.2_600px-205x200.png 205w, https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dehngrenze_0.2_600px-200x195.png 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>The 0.2 % proof stress<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federstahlbleche-eigenschaften\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">spring materials<\/a> for which the yield strength cannot be clearly determined. This applies above all to stainless spring steels. Alternatively, the <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Streckgrenze\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">yield strengthRp0.2<\/a> is specified here. For this purpose, a parallel to Hooke&#8217;s straight line is drawn at a distance of 0.2%. This stress at the intersection corresponds to the yield strength Rp0.2 as a substitute for the yield point.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Material_properties\"><\/span>Material properties<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federstahlbleche-eigenschaften\/\">tensile strength (Rm)<\/a> is the most commonly used material parameter. This value is the basis for every spring calculation and describes the maximum load capacity of a spring steel. However, it should be noted that the spring steel deforms plastically even before the tensile strength is reached! The yield strength (Rp) and the yield stress (Rp0.2) are normally listed on the manufacturer&#8217;s data sheets or can be requested from the material manufacturer.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>You need more information about the stress-strain diagram and the material properties? No problem, you can reach the technical department of <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/gutekunst-stahlverformung\/\">Gutekunst Formfedern GmbH<\/a> by phone at (+49) 07445 85160 or <a href=\"mailto:info@gutekunst-formfedern.de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">info@gutekunst-formfedern.de<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If you are also interested in individual <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/formfedern\/\">form springs<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federclips\/\">spring clips<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federklammern\/\">spring clamps<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/kontaktfedern\/\">contact springs<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federscheiben-klemmscheiben\/\">spring washers<\/a>, simply use <a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federnanfrage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">our inquiry form<\/a>. We will prepare a non-binding offer for you at short notice.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<a class=\"maxbutton-8 maxbutton maxbutton-spring-request-en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"\/en\/spring-request\/\"><span class='mb-text'>Spring request<\/span><\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>For more information:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federstahlbleche-eigenschaften\/\">Properties of spring steel sheets<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/scherfestigkeit-stahl\/\">Shear strength steel<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federstahlband\/\">Spring steel strip Use<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/biegeradius-metallumformung\/\">Bending radius in metal forming<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/biegeverfahren-metallumformung\/\">Bending process in metal forming<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/oberflaechenbehandlung-metall\/\">Surface treatment of metal<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/federbandstahl-ab-lager\/\">Spring band steel and spring steel sheets from stock<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The stress-strain diagram can be used to determine the static load capacity of spring steel. The stress-strain diagram shows the elongation behavior of the spring steel during the tensile test until it breaks. For the designer, the stress-strain diagram is<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":9269,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[701,708,707],"tags":[3018,936,835,1045,518,3016,2507,3015,3017],"class_list":["post-9267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge","category-leaf-springs","category-material-en","tag-deformation-limits","tag-kontaktfedern-en","tag-shaped-springs","tag-spring-steel","tag-streckgrenze","tag-stress-strain-diagram","tag-tensile-strenght","tag-yield-strength","tag-yield-strength-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9267"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10942,"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9267\/revisions\/10942"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9269"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.formfedern.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}